Apparatus for manufacturing bricks.



110.727,].13- I PATENTBD'MAY'5,-19'03.

' E. EATON.

- APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 16, 1903.

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PATENTED 'MAY'5,- 1903.

B.' BATON. APPARATUS FOR MANUFAGTURINGBRIOKS.

' APPLICATION FILED'PEB. 16, 1903.

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No. 727,113. I PATENTED MAY 5, 1903.

' E. BATON.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING BRICKS;

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 16, 1903. A

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UNITED STATES rammed May 5, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND EATON, on LoNDoN, ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,113, dated May 5, 1903.

7 Application filed February 16, 1903. Serial No. l48,635. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern: Be it known that I, EDMUND EATON, a sub ject of the King ofGreat Britain, and a ,resident of London, in the county of London, England, have invented certain-new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Manufacturing Bricks, (for which I have applied for patents in Great Britain, Nos. 2,372 and 2,371, dated January 31, 1903,in thenames of Eaton, Pfeifer, and Briggs,) of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the machinery for the manipulation of the ingredients constituting the building.

blocks, bricks, or stone, and is particularly designed for the manufacture ofbricks and.

blocks from sand, lime, clinkers, and such like under the various processes now em ployed,which for general illustration consists of mixing a given quantity of sandand such like material with a given quantity of"un-'- slaked lime which has been previously passed through sieves or screens and the mixture then placed into a slaking and mixing drum, mounted on bearings, which is revolved until the lime is thoroughly slaked, when the mass is taken out of the drum, mixed with a further quantity of sand, pressed intobricks "or blocks, which are stacked on eachotherupon trucks and run into a horizontal boiler or steaming-chamber and subjected to the action of steam at about one hundred and twenty pounds pressure for some twelve to fourteen hours, when the said chamber is cooled down, when the trucks on which the bricks orblocks are stacked are withdrawn, and the bricks or.

blocks are then ready for use.

The object, therefore, of this invention is- I run, when the cylinder-cover is bolted up and tant advantages by my combined steaming and mixing chamber, which may be used when not employed in the operation of steaming or drying as a mixing or slaking cylinder, thus'obviating the necessity of a separate slaking-drum, an important economy in time in manipulating the charge of bricks after -being'withdrawn from the steaming-chamber by the arrangement and construction of the framing or cage, which is mounted upon wheels and composed of various plates, upon which the bricks are stacked, thus facilitating the stacking and unstacking and entire removal of the charge. Furthermore, considerable advantage is derived from the fact that'the steam is arranged to freely enter between the various shelves or partitions form ing the framing or cage and also from the fact that in the process of stacking the bricks thereon as they come from the press preliminary drying is caused, owing to the generation of heat from the lime inthe receptacle provided at the bottom of the framing or cage and also from the-presence of the alkali containedin thereceptacle at the top of the framing orcage.

1 Forpurposes of illustration I will now refer to the I'arinexed-drawings, in which Figure lnrepres'ents a sectional view of the combined drying and lime-slaking chamber in its openposition ,Fig. 2, a sectional view of same, showing the whole in position ready for mixing and slaking lime; vFig. 3, a sectional plan of the framing or cage for holding the bricks, taken through lin.e'X-Y,pFi-g'. 1; Fig. 4, a general plan: view showingv the revolving platform and surroundings. Fig. 5 shows a modified arrangement of the appatus, partly in section.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the apparatus comprises a revolving platform or base 2, mounted in any suitable manner upon a support or socket 3, ball-bearings being employed, if found desirable. The under side of the platform or base 2 is provided with a circular rack 4, with which gears a pinion 5, carried by the shafting 6, which in turn may be revolved by any suitable means. The casing or cover 7 is raised and lowered by suitable gear and tackle, such as shown at 8, Figs. 1 and 2, and a stutling-box 9 being provided in order to obtain asteam-tight joint around the fixed steam-pipe 10, upon which the casing or cover 7 slides. valve 11 and a pressure-gage 12 are provided at suitable positions.

For drying purposes a framing or cage 13, mounted upon wheels 14, preferably flanged, is run upon said platform or base 2, projecting pieces upon the said platform or base 2 acting as guides to insure the framing or cage 13 being central when in position. The framing or (age 13 has a central perforated steampipe 16, the top end of same being opened out to insure the engagement therewith of the short pipe 17, fixed to the casing or cover 7 and free to slide upon the steam-pipe 10, thus when the cover or casing 7 is lowered into position giving acontinuous steam pipe or passage. The trays or slides 18, upon which the bricks or the like are placed, as shown at 19, are formed similar to grids and slide in from opposite sides of the framing or cage. The casing or cover 7 is attached to the platform or base 2 in any suitable manner-such, for instance, as by pivoted bolts 20, which engage in slots 21, as shown. For preliminary drying purposes and to prevent the bricks or the like from becoming suddenly chilled when the casing or cover 7 is raised a receptacle 22 is provided at the bottom of the framing or cage 13 for containing lime, a sufficient amount of steam or Water being admitted thereto through the medium of a flexible pipe, which may be temporarily connected to the projection 23. The heated gases then given off pass through the perforated cover 24 and are utilized for purposes above described, a stirrer 25 being provided, as shown. In order that the bricks or the like may bedried to the highest standard of hardness, a perforated receptacle 26 is carried at the top of the framing or cage 13, into which the desired amount of any suitable alkali is placed, the perforated steam-coil 27 being forced into the alkali. When the casing or cover 7 is lowered into position,superheated steam is admitted through the flexible steampipe 28 and passing over or through the alkali with great force carries a certain amount into the chamber, so impregnating and further hardening the bricks or the like. After steam has been admitted to the chamber for the desired period the casing or cover 7 is raised, and the framing or cage containing the bricks or the like is run into asecondary drying or annealing chamber 29, which has been previously heated by waste steam from the chamber 7 through the medium of a flexible pipe 30 or by connecting the flexible Asafetyfixed pin 36 fastened together in any suitable manner-such, for instance, as by ordinary flanged couplings, as shown. The central pin 36 is prevented from rotating by any well-known methodsuch, for instance, as by providingasquare end fitting into asquare recess, as shown in Fig. 1. The spindle 34 has the blades or vanes 35 rigidly attached thereto and being free to pass between projecting arms 37, attached to the interior of the receptacle 32, as shown. The casing or cover 7 is lowered into position and attached to the platform or base 2, as aforedescribed. The gear and tackle and flexible pipes 28 and 30 are disconnected and the whole revolved through the medium of the rack 4, pinion 5, and shafting 6, aforementioned, steam being admitted by means of the pipe 10. It will be seen that the receptacle 32 being run in between the projections 15 on the'platform or base 2 must revolve with same, and through the medium of the fixed blades or vanes 35 and the revolving arms 37 the contents are thoroughly mixed and the lime slaked. After the required period waste steam is blown ofi and the casing or cover 7raised, when the receptacle 32 is removed to the molding and pressing department, rails 38 being provided for this and general purposes. The receptacle 32 may be provided with projections 39, whereby same may be slightly raised by suitable means and then tipped, so as to more easily remove the contents therefrom.

Referring to Fig. 5 as a modification, the casing or cover 7 may be fixed and the platform or base 2 raised and lowered by hydraulic power or other suitable meanssuch, for example, as shown, the screw-threaded spindle 40 being rigidly attached to the support or socket 3 and passing through a nut carried in the boss of a bevel-wheel 41, which is operated by a second bevel-wheel 42, carried by the shafting 43. The spindle 40 is prevented from rotating by any suitable means, so that by operating the bevel-wheels in the correct direction the platform or base 2 may be raised or lowered, as required. The remainder of the apparatus is as before described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In apparatus for the manufacture of bricks or blocks from sand, lime, ashes and such like, the combined steaming andmixing chamber, comprising a casing or cover open at its lower end and raised or loweredvertically by suitable gear, a vertical steampipe passing through a stuffing-box formed centrally with the top of said casing or cover, a revolving platform mounted vertically under said casing or cover, and forming the base of the chamber, a cage or framing mounted upon wheels and supported by said platform, perforated shelves contained within said cage or framing upon which the bricks or blocks are placed, a central perforated pipe within said cage or framing, a sleeve attached to the interior and at the top of the casing or cover and free to slide upon said steam-pipe and engage with the perforatedpipe aforesaid, a receptacle for lime'forined within the bottom of the cage or framing aforesaid, a perforated receptacle for containing an alkali at the top of said cage or framing a circular perforated steam-pipe carried by the casing or cover and adapted to fit into said receptacle, substantially as described herein.

2. In apparatus for the manufacture of bricks or blocks from sand, lime, ashes, and

such like, the combination with a combined steaming and mixing chamber comprising a casing or cover open at its lower end and raised or lowered vertically by suitable gear, 3 a vertical steam-pipe 'passin g through a study ing-box formed centrally with the top of said casing or cover, a revolving platform mounte'd vertically under said casing or cover, and forming the base of the chamberof a vessel mounted upon wheels and supported upon the revolving platform, a central spindle passing through the bottomof said vessel, blades attached to said spindle, blades at= tached to the interior of said vessel,a fixed projection passing freely and centrally through the said platform to which the lower end of said spindle may be'connected, substantially as described herein.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 6th day of February, 1903.

EDMUND EATON.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN CLARK, WILLIAM JOHN WEEKS. 

